It can be used in anything from wood carving and creating small wooden items, such as chairs and rocking horses, to building timber structures and sheds it also has a lot of scientific properties associated with it, and every type of wood that is available can exhibit similar, and also different, properties. After completing the lesson, the student will be able. Structure and properties of wood a presentation by the canadian wood council and. The remainder of the section explores the properties of timber. The wood which is suitable or fit for engineering construction or engineering purpose is called timber. Methods and different materials used for preservation of timber is discussed. Preservation also helps the timber to get rid of insects. Woodnt you know wood is one of the most widely used materials in the world. An understanding of the basic properties is needed by all who work with timber. These names do not refer to the properties of the wood but from whether the tree is coniferous or deciduous. Balsa is an excellent example of light timber as only 7% of its volume is solid wood, the remaining is air cavities. To explain procedures of timber drying using natural drying and tenor.
Comparative material properties strain, % stress mpa 20 100 200 400 300 30 20 10 10 400 300 200 100 mild steel wood parallel to grain concrete slide 9. Similarly, a freshly cut teak wood has a golden yellow shade. These properties of bricks include shape, size, color, and density of a brick. Wood is composed of elongated, round, or rectangular tubelike cells. Timber constructions are light in weight and can be made economical. Most important properties of wood and timber may be discussed under the following general headings. Mechanical properties of clear straightgrained wood 426. Definition the mechanical properties of wood are its fitness and ability to resist applied or external forces the mechanical properties of wood considered are 1 stiffness and elasticity, 2 tensile strength, 3 compressive or crushing strength, 4 shearing strength, 5 transverse or bending strength, 6 toughness, 7 hardness, 8 cleavability, 9 resilience. Timber has better insulating properties than any other materials. Wood main physical properties archiline wooden houses. It provides a number of inspirational photos of domestic buildings to show different types of timber elements and the different performance expectations we have for all of them. Impreg timber is a timber covered fully or partly with resin. Identifications of timber general properties color a darker color in.
Preservation is done using different types of preservatives. Aug 22, 2010 the weights of timber when seasoned refer to a moisture content of 12%. Timber general revised june 1999 amended october 2002 cisfb yi uniclass p51 udc 699. Wood is the hard,fibrous material that makes up the tree under the bark,whereas timber may be defined as a wood which retains its natural physical structure. Lumber and timber with diagonal grain is always weaker than straight. Characteristics of timber relationship to properties. Good timber do not warp under changing environmental conditions. Timbers and their properties ppt download slideplayer.
Mechanical properties include strength, toughness, hardness, elasticity, plasticity, brittleness, raskalyvaemost, the ability of wood to hold metal fasteners, wear resistance. This lesson covers the physical and mechanical properties of wood. Wood is a very light material, its specific gravity being always less than 1. It can be used in anything from wood carving and creating small wooden items, such as chairs and rocking horses, to building timber structures and sheds.
As a result, wood possesses material properties that may be significantly different from other materials normally encountered in structural design. Quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be assessed, thereby helping in materials selection. The denser the timber the longer it takes to ignite. Sep 02, 20 availability and uses of timber advantages of timber it has high resale and salvage value.
To classify timber based on botany, density, durability and strength iii. Defects in timber pdf timber is an important construction material. Characteristics of timber relationship to properties ppt video. As a result, wood possesses material properties that may be significantly different from other materials normally encountered in. Chapter 5 mechanical properties of wood modulus of rigidity the modulus of rigidity, also called shear modulus, indicates the resistance to deflection of a member caused by shear stresses.
Wood is one of the most versatile and widely used materials in the world. Top 6 properties of wood and timber used in construction. This chapter includes a description of the anatomy of wood, a discussion on timber properties and the factors that influence these properties, information on the testing and grading of timber, and. The three moduli of rigidity denoted by glr, glt, and grt are the elastic constants in the lr, lt, and rt planes, respectively. Timber which has been sawn, placed and worked to the exact required condition. Timber is highly tensile and elastic, making it ideal for use in building materials in earthquake zones. Mechanical properties of wood the strength of wood is highly dependent upon direction. These cells are much longer 24 mm than they are wide 2040. Handbook on structural timber design to eurocode 5 is en. Preservation of timber methods and materials for timber. Types of timber there are two types of timber, called hardwood and softwood.
Types of industrial timber properties and applications. Mechanical, physical and chemical properties of wood, heat. Wood species hardwoods softwoods 110 imported woods 117 hardwoods 117. Sometimes it grows over 90 metres high and four and one half metres in diameter. It depends on wood density, size and location of medullary rays, which reflect light rays pointedly.
Handbook on structural timber design to eurocode 5 is en 199511 rules including strength capacity tables for structural elements james harrington1, malcolm jacob and colin short 1 james harrington and associates, four one the rise, mount merrion, co dublin. Characteristics the wood is hard, strong, and machines well. Dec 20, 2006 timber engineering reference wood properties construction methods posted on december 20, 2006 november 21, 2012 updated. Classifications of timber seasoning characteristics high refractory.
It is used as building structural element as well as door, window, partition etc. Publications and articles on the mechanical properties of wood, and timber testing part iii. Properties of timber properties of good timbers are. Characteristics and availability of commercially important. These trees bear cones and most of them have needle. Jul 27, 2017 fire resisting properties of common building mterials fire resisting properties of common construction material. Ppt types of wood powerpoint presentation free to view. Most trees are characterized by a typical color and odor. Material properties to be used for design section 4. Timber should have high strength in bending, shear and direct compression. Physical properties of wood designing buildings wiki share your construction industry knowledge. The fundamental properties of building materials include.
Kretschmann, research general engineer 51 the mechanical properties presented in this chapter were obtained from tests of pieces of wood termed clear and straight grained because they did not contain characteristics such as knots, cross grain, checks, and splits. A clear ringing sound when struck indicates the timber is good. Identifications of timber general properties color a darker color in wood indicates greater durability. The project gutenberg ebook of the mechanical properties of wood. All timber or wood burns, but as we have learnt, different timbers can have extremely different properties. Preservation of timber is carried out to increase the life of timber. The essential properties of bricks may be conveniently discussed under the following four headings. Mechanical properties of wood forest products laboratory. Hardness is the ability of wood to withstand indentations caused by harder bodies. Physical and chemical properties and changes your turn.
Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Ppt physical properties of wood powerpoint presentation. Thus, walnut wood is distinguished by its typical dark brown color. Pdf introduction to timber as an engineering material. The standard shape of an ideal brick is truly rectangular. Mechanical properties refer to the strength characteristics of wood.
Color a darker color in wood indicates greater durability. This section of the course starts by looking at the way trees lay down the wood that becomes timber as it is milled. This is especially true of the moisture effects on timber. Because its physical and mechanical properties are so balanced, it rates highly for nearly all wood machining processes. Perfect timber logs would make the construction work simple. As a manufacturer of wood components, woodcraft industries believes there is a crucial need to educate our company, customers, and consumers in regard to naturally occurring wood characteristics. Times new roman arial calibri default design structure and properties of wood powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint presentation powerpoint. This is a small powerpoint presentation i used last season at classroom with my students of 1. En 199511 design of timber structures timber structures mechanical properties in general different in growth directions modulus of elasticity mechanical properties are related to the density 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 0 1 0 10 2030 40 50 6070 8090.
Physical properties of wood designing buildings wiki. Increasing life makes timber more durable and it can be used for longer periods. Ppt timber and wood products powerpoint presentation free. Ppt timber as a building material powerpoint presentation. The resin solution fills up the voids in the wood and consolidated mass occurs. The weight of a timber at any other moisture content within the range of say, 5 and 25% can be estimated with fair accuracy by adding or subtracting 0. Among the factor influencing its properties are climate, density of the surrounding forest, character of the soil, moisture content, defects and the area in the log from which. Properties and applications of industrial timber is discussed. Properties of wood there are fewer species of conifers. To state the properties, usage and type of timber ii. Durability is the ability of wood to resist degradation tension, compression, bending, shear, etc. Physiology of timber fibres, cells, grain, growth rings moisture content emc and shrinkage creep and duration of load effects natural growth characteristics structural properties of timber characteristics of timber relationship to properties knowledge of properties and performance intuitive understanding of timber behaviour maximise.
Miller contents timber resources and uses 12 hardwoods and softwoods 12 commercial sources of wood products 12 use classes and trends species descriptions u. Structure and properties of wood a presentation by the canadian wood council and forintek canada corporation canadian conseil wood canadien council du bois. The combination of high relative humidity or mc and high temperatures, in unventilated attic areas, can have serious effects on roof sheathing materials and structural. Industrial timber is nothing but timber product manufactured scientifically in factories. En 199511 design of timber structures en199511 scope and structure section 1. Timber engineering reference wood properties construction. One of the biggest challenges in light timber construction also an important benefit of heavy timber construction fire resistance. Stressstrain diagrams of two longleaf pine beams 2.
With its universal testing machines zwickroell offers various standardized testing solutions for the testing mechanical properties tensile strength, flexural strength, and shear strength of timber. Physical properties refer to density and moisture relations that affect its use. Among the factor influencing its properties are climate, density of the. This property should be looked into, if timber is to be used for flooring. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. A companion sheet wood decorative and practical includes colour illustrations and brief. Density lesson 1 showed that wood is a porous material made up of cells of various kinds. Property is a description of an object the tree is tall the tree is green if struck by lighting, the tree could catch fire burn physical properties are determined by the use of the. Timber gloss is the ability to reflect light beam pointedly. The timber in residential construction module provides an introduction to the use of timber in residential. The nature of timber timber is a natural product, drawn from the wood in the trunks of trees. Types of industrial timber properties and applications in. But unfortunately, timber usually possess different types of defects. Timber and wood products timber and wood products basic material properties and characteristics.
Color and odor, specific gravity, moisture content, grain, shrinkage and swelling, and strength are the important characters which determine the properties of. An understanding of the properties and behaviour of timber will mean that all who use timber will be able to make decisions that will mean the timber used is able to deliver the required performance. From building construction to furniture making, timbers have numerous uses. The chemical properties of wood are inherently complex, but even in spite of this challenge, human beings have successfully harnessed the unique characteristics of wood to build a seemingly unlimited variety of structures.
Properties of wood and timber for interior design and decorating. Wood has been used as a building material for thousands of years, being second only to stone in terms of its rich and storied history in the world of construction. Part of a new product category known as massive or mass timber, it is made from several layers of lumber board, stacked crosswise usually at 90 degree angles and glued together on their wide faces. Publications of the united states government on the mechanical properties of wood, and timber testing illustrations frontispiece photomicrograph of a small block of western hemlock 1. Recognising wood rot and insect damage in buildings. Physiology of timber fibres, cells, grain, growth rings moisture content emc and shrinkage creep and duration of load effects natural growth characteristics structural properties of timber characteristics of timber relationship to properties knowledge of properties and performance intuitive understanding of timber behaviour. Wood as a building material timber lumber understand. Apr 10, 2020 timber is a type of wood which has been processed into beams and planks. Thin layers of wood or veneers are taken and dipped in resin solution. These uses have made timber an important building material. This is important, as the growth of the wood fibres gives them unique characteristics that underpin their behaviour. Although wood is an excellent heat insulator, its strength and other properties are affected adversely by exposure for extended periods to temperatures above about 100f.
Wood materials used in cabinets and furniture are products of nature and include numerous color hues, grain patterns and other natural characteristics. Durability of timber can be very high, if properly seasoned and preserved. The use of wood in construction designing buildings wiki. November 21, 2012 by alex web sites and publications on properties of wood and wood products. Fire resisting properties of common building materials such as stone, brick, timber, castiron, glass, steel and concrete are mentioned below. Jun 16, 2015 in this episode of crash course kids, sabrina talks about how properties help us understand objects. Learn what wood is, explore different types and uses of wood, and find out some interesting, fun facts in this. Characteristics and availability of commercially important woods regis b. To explain production process of standard size timber i. Keywords physical properties, wood fuels, finland, chemical composition, moisture content, density, combustion properties, calorific value, ash content, alkali metals, heavy metals. Then it is heated at 150 to 160 o c and finally impreg timber develops.
1170 1023 1309 1265 115 1539 1415 458 732 22 1141 317 1543 1092 870 817 1364 665 727 737 1415 719 1317 202 1349 1545 633 239 1059 1441 1118 282 99 26 473 416 1074